This section contains the latest COVID-19 longitudinal research and evidence, including briefing notes, reports, academic publications and articles.
Use the table below to search, sort and filter by study, topic, and geographical coverage.
| COVID-19 Publication | Date of publication | Longitudinal study | Geographical coverage | Type of publication | Topic/theme | Access publication |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic inequality in exposure to COVID-19-induced economic hardship in the United Kingdom | October 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Article | Inequalities; Economic hardship; Earnings | Link to the article |
| The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children - A resource for COVID-19 research: Questionnaire data capture May-July 2020 | September 2020 | Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children | Regional | Data note (awaiting peer review) | Cross-generation; Health; Well-being; Behaviour | Link to the Data note |
| Inequality in access to health and care services during lockdown - Findings from the COVID-19 survey in five UK national longitudinal studies | September 2020 | Millennium Cohort Study; Next Steps; 1970 British Cohort Study; 1958 National Child Development Study; 1946 National Survey of Health and Development | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Access to health care; Inequalities; Public health | Link to the paper |
| The impact of asthma on mental health & wellbeing during COVID-19 lockdown | September 2020 | Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children | Regional | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Asthma; Self-isolation; Mental health | Link to the paper |
| COVID-19: has the pandemic affected relationships between children and their non-resident parents? | September 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Briefing Note | Separated families; Child maintenance; Parent-child relationships | Link to the briefing note |
| Changing living arrangements, family dynamics and stress during lockdown: evidence from four birth cohorts in the UK | September 2020 | Understanding Society, Millennium Cohort Study; 1970 British Cohort Study; 1958 National Child Development Study; | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Living arrangements; Stress; Lockdown | Link to the paper |
| Altered blood cell traits underlie a major genetic locus of severe COVID-19 | September 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Genetics; Blood cells; Physiology | Link to the paper |
| Occupation and risk of severe COVID-19: prospective cohort study of 120,075 UK Biobank | September 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Occupation; Inequalities; Health workers | Link to the paper |
| Accounting for Time: Circadian Rhythms in the Time of COVID-19 | September 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Article | Sleep; Physiology; Infection | Link to the article |
| Associations between psychiatric disorders, COVID-19 testing probability and COVID-19 testing results: findings from a population-based study | September 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Article | Psychiatric disorders; Epidemiology; Testing | Link to the article |
| Longitudinal evidence for persistent anxiety in young adults through COVID-19 restrictions | August 2020 | Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children | Regional | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Anxiety; Lockdown; Adolescents | Link to the paper |
| Gender differences in the impact of the Covid-19 lockdown on unpaid care work and psychological distress in the UK | August 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Lockdown; Gender inequalities; Unpaid care work | Link to the paper |
| SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection in pregnant women: characterization of symptoms and syndromes predictive of disease and severity through real-time, remote participatory epidemiology | August 2020 | TwinsUK | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Pregnancy; Epidemiology; Comorbidity | Link to the paper |
| Association of obesity and its genetic predisposition with the risk of severe COVID-19: Analysis of population-based cohort data | August 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Article | Obesity; Genetics; Epidemiology | Link to the article |
| A common androgen synthesis variant is associated with COVID susceptibility | August 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Sex differences; Physiology; Immunology | Link to the paper |
| Excess cardiovascular deaths in the beginning of COVID-19 outbreak | August 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Cardiovascular disease; Mortality; Hospitalization | Link to the paper |
| Vitamin D and COVID-19 infection and mortality in UK Biobank | August 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Article | Vitamin D; Mortality; Inequalities | Link to the article |
| Genetically-predicted vitamin D status, ambient UVB during the pandemic and COVID-19 risk in UK Biobank: Mendelian Randomisation study | August 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Vitamin D; Genetics; Seasonality | Link to the paper |
| The Born in Bradford COVID-19 Research Study: Protocol for an adaptive mixed methods research study to gather actionable intelligence on the impact of COVID-19 on health inequalities amongst families living in Bradford | August 2020 | Born in Bradford | Regional | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Health inequalities; Deprivation; Ethnicity; Methodology | Link to the paper |
| Pre-pandemic psychiatric disorders and risk of COVID-19: a cohort analysis in the UK Biobank | August 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Psychiatric disorders; Immune system; Comorbidities | Link to the paper |
| Estrogen and COVID-19 symptoms: associations in women from the COVID Symptom Study | August 2020 | Twins UK/Symptom Study | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Estrogen; Women; Menopause | Link to the paper |
| TeenCovidLife Survey 1 General Report Health and wellbeing of young people in lockdown | August 2020 | Generation Scotland | Devolved Nations | Report | Young people; Well being; Stress | Link to the report |
| Mental health during lockdown: evidence from four generations - Initial findings from the COVID-19 Survey in Five National Longitudinal Studies | August 2020 | Millennium Cohort Study; Next Steps; 1970 British Cohort Study; 1958 National Child Development Study; 1946 National Survey of Health and Development | National | Briefing Note | Mental health; Generations; Inequalities | Link to the briefing note |
| Intersecting ethnic and native–migrant inequalities in the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK | August 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Article | Ethnicity; Socioeconomic status; Inequalities | Link to the article |
| Ethnic differences in effects of COVID-19: household and local context | August 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Briefing Note | Ethnicity; Mental health; Neighbourhood cohesion | Link to the briefing note |
| Dynamic linkage of COVID-19 test results between Public Health England's Second Generation Surveillance System and UK Biobank | July 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Article | Epidemiology; Genetics; Microbiology | Link to the article |
| COVID-19 and associations with frailty and multimorbidity: a prospective analysis of UK Biobank participants | July 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Article | Comorbidity; Frailty; Epidemiology | Link to the article |
| Preexisting Comorbidities Predicting COVID-19 and Mortality in the UK Biobank Community Cohort | July 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Article | Comorbidity; Mortality; Epidemiology | Link to the article |
| Estimates of the rate of infection and asymptomatic COVID-19 disease in a population sample from SE England | July 2020 | Twins UK | Regional | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Symptomology; Serology; Antibodies | Link to the paper |
| Changes in the behavioural determinants of health during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: gender, socioeconomic and ethnic inequalities in 5 British cohort studies | July 2020 | Millennium Cohort Study; Next Steps; 1970 British Cohort Study; 1958 National Child Development Study; 1946 National Survey of Health and Development | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Health behaviour; Gender; Inequalities | Link to the paper |
| Learning inequalities during the Covid-19 pandemic: how families cope with home-schooling | July 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Working Paper | Home schooling; Family structure; Socioeconomic disadvantage | Link to the report |
| Coronavirus and the impact on caring | July 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Report | Caring; Support; Well being | Link to the report |
| Finances and employment during lockdown - Initial findings from the COVID-19 Survey in Five National Longitudinal Studies | July 2020 | Millennium Cohort Study; Next Steps; 1970 British Cohort Study; 1958 National Child Development Study; 1946 National Survey of Health and Development | National | Briefing Note | Financial circumstances; Employment; Self-employed workers | Link to the briefing note |
| Parental involvement in home schooling and developmental play during lockdown - Initial findings from the COVID19 Survey in Five National Longitudinal Studies | July 2020 | Millennium Cohort Study; Next Steps; 1970 British Cohort Study; 1958 National Child Development Study; 1946 National Survey of Health and Development | National | Briefing Note | Home schooling; Child development; Parenting | Link to the briefing note |
| The Effect of the Great Lockdown on Homeworking in the United Kingdom | July 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Report | Home working; Employment; Well being | Link to the report |
| Mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal probability sample survey of the UK population | July 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Article | Mental health; Inequalities; Employment | Link to the article |
| Sleepless in Lockdown: unpacking differences in sleep loss during the coronavirus pandemic in the UK | July 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Sleep loss; Ethnicity; Well-being | Link to the paper |
| Estimating Variation of Covid-19 infection in the Population:Results from Understanding Society (UKHLS) first monthly covid-19 survey | July 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Infection rates; Ethnicity; Regional disparities | Link to the paper |
| Home learning during Covid-19: Findings from the Understanding Society Longitudinal Study | July 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Report | Home schooling; Inequalities; Ethnicity | Link to the report |
| Diagnostic value of skin manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection | July 2020 | COVID Symptom Tracker | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Symptomology; Skin rashes; Hospitalization | Link to the paper |
| Race, socioeconomic deprivation, and hospitalization for COVID-19 in English participants of a national biobank | July 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Article | Ethnicity; Socioeconomic status; Hospitalization | Link to the article |
| Vitamin D concentrations and COVID-19 infection in UK Biobank | July 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Article | Vitamin D; Ethnicity; Inequalities | Link to the article |
| Genetic risk factors for death with SARS-CoV-2 from the UK Biobank | July 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Genetics; Ethnicity; Survival | Link to the paper |
| Blood biomarker score identifies individuals at high risk for severe COVID-19 a decade prior to diagnosis: metabolic profiling of 105,000 adults in the UK Biobank | July 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Blood biomarkers; Metabolism; Pneumonia | Link to the paper |
| Ethnicity and COVID-19 infection: are the pieces of the puzzle falling into place? | July 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Commentary | Ethnicity; Inequalities; Deprivation | Link to the commentary |
| Intersecting household level health and socio-economic vulnerabilities and the COVID-19 crisis: an analysis from the UK | July 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Article | Health inequalities; Household types; Employment | Link to the article |
| How has the Covid-19 crisis impacted parents’ relationships with their children? | July 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Policy briefing | Parenting; Inequalities; Family composition | Link to the briefing |
| Understanding Society COVID-19 Survey May Briefing Note: Family relationships | July 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Briefing note | Parenting; Home schooling; Inequalities | Link to the note |
| The mental health impact of COVID-19 and pandemic related stressors among adults in the UK | July 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Mental health; Living conditions; Work | Link to the paper |
| COVID-19 severity is predicted by earlier evidence of accelerated aging | July 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Ageing; Biomarkers; Risk | Link to the paper |
| Obesity, walking pace and risk of severe COVID-19: Analysis of UK Biobank | July 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Obesity; Walking; Public health | Link to the paper |
| Ethnic disparities in hospitalisation for COVID-19 in England: The role of socioeconomic factors, mental health, and inflammatory and pro-inflammatory factors in a community-based cohort study | June 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Article | Ethnicity; Mental health; Hospitalization | Link to the article |
| BMI and future risk for COVID-19 infection and death across sex, age and ethnicity: preliminary findings from UK biobank | June 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | BMI; Physical health; Ethnicity | Link to the paper |
| The mental health effects of the first two months of lockdown and social distancing during the Covid-19 pandemic in the UK | June 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Working paper | Mental health; Inequalities; Age groups | Link to the paper |
| Problem drinking before and during the COVID-19 crisis in US and UK adults: Evidence from two population-based longitudinal studies | June 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Alcohol consumption; Mental health; Health behaviours | Link to the paper |
| Inequalities in home learning and schools’ provision of distance teaching during school closure of COVID-19 lockdown in the UK | June 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Working paper | Home schooling; inequalities; ethnicity | Link to the paper |
| Half of children entitled to free school meals do not have access to the scheme during the COVID-19 lockdown in the UK | June 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Free school meals; Food insecurity; Poverty | Link to the paper |
| Did the UK policy response to Covid-19 protect household incomes? | June 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Working paper | Household income; Employment; Earnings | Link to the paper |
| Mental health and health behaviours before and during the COVID-19 lockdown: Longitudinal analyses of the UK Household Longitudinal Study. | June 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Mental health; Health behaviours; Psychological distress | Link to the paper |
| COVID-19 Survey Briefing Note: Health and caring | June 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Briefing note | Mental health; Health behaviours; Caring | Link to the briefing note |
| COVID-19 Survey Briefing Note: Home schooling | June 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Briefing note | Education; Household resources; Parenting | Link to the briefing note |
| ALSPAC COVID-19 Questionnaire data (April-May 2020) | June 2020 | Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children | Regional | Data note (awaiting peer review) | Cross-generation; Health; Well-being; Behaviour | Link to the Data note |
| Longitudinal changes in mental health and the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from the UK Household Longitudinal Study. | June 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Mental health; Well-being; Demographic groups | Link to the paper |
| Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in two longitudinal UK population cohorts. | June 2020 | Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children / Generation Scotland | Regional | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Mental health; Anxiety; Well-being | Link to the paper |
| Prevalence and Predictors of General Psychiatric Disorders and Loneliness during COVID-19 in the United Kingdom: Results from the Understanding Society UKHLS | June 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Loneliness; Mental health; Inequalities | Link to the paper |
| COVID-19 and associations with frailty and multimorbidity: a prospective analysis of UK Biobank participants | June 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Frailty; Multimorbidity; Epidemiology | Link to the paper |
| Ethnicity, comorbidity, socioeconomic status, and their associations with COVID-19 infection in England: a cohort analysis of UK Biobank data | June 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Epidemiology; Inequalities; Ethnicity | Link to the paper |
| Risk of Depression in Family Caregivers: Unintended Consequence of COVID-19 | June 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Depression; Family caregiving; Loneliness | Link to the paper |
| The COVID-19 Pandemic and its Impact on Inequality of Opportunity in Psychological Distress in the UK | May 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Psychological distress; Occupation; Inequalities | Link to the paper |
| Obesity and risk of COVID-19: analysis of UK biobank | May 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Article | Obesity; Health behaviours; BMI | Link to the article |
| COVID-19 Survey Briefing Note: The Economic Effects | May 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Briefing note | Economics; Employment; Earnings | Link to the briefing note |
| Real-time tracking of self-reported symptoms to predict potential COVID-19. | May 2020 | Twins UK | National | Article | Medicine; Epidemiology; Symptomology | Link to the article |
| Rapid implementation of mobile technology for real-time epidemiology of COVID-19. | May 2020 | Twins UK | National | Article | Epidemiology; Public health; Mobile technology | Link to the article |
| Lifestyle risk factors, inflammatory mechanisms, and COVID-19 hospitalization: A community-based cohort study of 387,109 adults in UK. | May 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Article | Health behaviours; Inequalities; Obesity | Link to the article |
| Ethnic and socioeconomic differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection: prospective cohort study using UK Biobank. | May 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Article | Health behaviours; Inequalities; Ethnicity | Link to the article |
| Generation Scotland CovidLife Survey First Report | May 2020 | Generation Scotland | Devolved Nations | Report | Employment; Well-being; Mental health | Link to the report |
| Psychosocial factors and hospitalisations for COVID-19: Prospective cohort study of the general population | May 2020 | UK Biobank | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Psychosocial factors; Hospitalisation; Cognitive function | Link to the paper |
| Who is lonely in lockdown? Cross-cohort analyses of predictors of loneliness before and during the COVID-19 pandemic | May 2020 | Understanding Society | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Cross-cohort; Loneliness; Inequalities | Link to the paper |
| Current tobacco smoking and risk from COVID-19: results from a population symptom app in over 2.4 million people | May 2020 | TwinsUK / COVID Symptom Tracker | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Symptoms; Smoking; Epidemiology | Link to the paper |
| Self-reported symptoms of covid-19 including symptoms most predictive of SARS-CoV-2 infection, are heritable | April 2020 | TwinsUK | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Symptoms; Heritability; Public health | Link to the paper |
| Geo-social gradients in predicted COVID-19 prevalence and severity in Great Britain: results from 2,266,235 users of the COVID-19 Symptoms Tracker app | April 2020 | COVID Symptom Tracker | National | Pre-print (awaiting peer review) | Inequalities; Public health; Deprivation | Link to the paper |
